general - seed - rootballed clumps - pot grown/plugs - bulbs, corms or tubers
Traditionally perennials were supplied as clumps, dug from open ground production and wrapped to prevent damage and desiccation. Increasingly, wildflowers are supplied pot or plug grown. However, if wildflowers are supplied as clumps then the plants must have a good balance between the growing parts, i.e. the buds and the root system. The buds, whether visible or not, must not be damaged in any way.
The root system must not be allowed to dry out at any time and the clump must be wrapped or protected by material which moisture within the root mass.
Native marginal and aquatic plants are often supplied as clumps, e.g. Phragmites communis (Common Reed); Sagittaria saggitifolia (Arrow-head); Scirpus lacustris (Club-rush); and other plants which can be propagated by division.